Three Main Approaches to Weight Loss
There are several proven methods to support weight loss, each suited to different needs and goals:
- Lifestyle Programs: These include nutrition counseling, exercise, behavioral changes, and medical supervision to help individuals develop healthier habits.
- Weight Loss Medications: Prescription medications, such as GLP-1s, may help reduce appetite and regulate metabolism. These are typically managed by medical providers.
- Metabolic/Bariatric Surgery: Surgical procedures such as gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy alter the digestive system to promote lasting weight loss.
While all three approaches are available, surgical weight loss is often the most effective option for sustained success.
Side-by-Side Comparison
| Category | Lifestyle | GLP-1 Medications | Bariatric Surgery |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average Weight Loss* | 5-8% | 10-20% | 25-30% |
| Speed of Results | Gradual | Moderate | Rapid (6-12 months) |
| Durability | Limited | Only while taking medication | Proven long-term (10+ years) |
| Metabolic Benefits | Mild | Improved blood sugar, heart risk | Often diabetes remission |
| Risks/Side Effects | Minimal | GI upset/nausea | Surgical risks, vitamin deficiency |
| Cost/Coverage | Low | Variable coverage, ongoing cost | Often covered for eligible patients |
| Ideal for | Mild obesity | Moderate obesity or non-surgical preference | BMI ≥ 40 or ≥ 35 with conditions |
Weight-Loss Surgery Assessment
Find out if you're a candidate for weight-loss surgery.
The Pros & Cons of Each Path
| Path | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Bariatric Surgery |
|
|
| Weight Loss Medications (GLP-1 ) |
|
|
| Lifestyle-Only Programs |
|
|
Why We Recommend Surgery For Long-Term Weight Loss
For many patients with obesity, surgery achieves what lifestyle changes and medication alone cannot — substantial, long-term, and life-changing results. Research shows that surgery often leads to:
- Diabetes remission
- Improved heart and metabolic health
- Reduced long-term mortality
Our Integrated Approach
- Comprehensive evaluation – physical, nutritional, and psychological screening
- Shared decision-making – you and your provider choose the surgical plan that’s best for you
- Lifelong support – nutrition, exercise, and ongoing medical care
Is Surgery Right For Me?
- BMI ≥ 40 or ≥ 35 with a health condition
- Tried structured lifestyle or medication plans
- Ready to commit to follow-up and supplements
- Understand surgical risks and benefits
FAQ
Surgery provides the most durable long-term loss. Medication works while taken, but stopping often leads to regaining weight.
They’re promising but not yet equivalent in long-term studies.
Most insurers cover bariatric surgery for qualifying patients.
*References for average weight loss ranges:
- Wilding, J.P.H., et al. (2021). “Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity.” The New England Journal of Medicine, Retrieved from https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
- Jastreboff, A.M., et al. (2022). “Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity.” The New England Journal of Medicine, Retrieved from https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2206038
- Gulinac, M., et al. (2023). “Long-term effectiveness, outcomes, and complications of bariatric surgery.” Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10353499/
- American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. (2025). “GLP-1 Medications vs. Bariatric Surgery: What the Latest Research Shows.” Retrieved from https://asmbs.org/resources/glp-1-medications-vs-bariatric-surgery-what-the-latest-research-shows/
- ScienceDaily. (2025). “GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic deliver huge weight loss but new research reveals a hidden catch.” Retrieved from https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251116105627.htm