Mako vs. Traditional Joint Replacement: Key Differences

Traditional joint replacement surgery relies on the skill, experience, and judgment of orthopedic surgeons, who use handheld tools and preoperative imaging to guide each procedure. This approach has helped millions of people regain mobility and enjoy a better quality of life. While highly effective, traditional methods have a margin of error.

Even with the best care, there can be natural limitations in terms of precision—such as slight misalignments in implant placement—which may affect how the joint feels and functions over time. It’s important to recognize that these procedures have long set the standard for joint restoration, and surgeons are dedicated to delivering excellent outcomes for every patient –but if there is a way to improve, we always should.

How Technology Enhances Joint Replacement

Advancements in technology, like robotic-assisted systems, are designed to support surgeons in their work—making procedures even more precise and predictable. These tools don’t replace the expertise of the surgeon; rather, they provide additional data and guidance, helping ensure that each step is tailored to the patient’s unique anatomy. The result is greater accuracy, potentially less tissue disruption, and a smoother recovery, all while keeping the surgeon in complete control.

What Is Mako Robotic-Assisted Joint Replacement?

Mako is an advanced robotic technology that assists orthopedic surgeons during total hip, total knee, and partial knee replacements. The process begins with a CT scan to create a 3D model of the joint, allowing the surgeon to develop a personalized surgical plan before the procedure starts.

Types of Mako Procedures:

• Total Hip Replacement: Ideal for patients with severe hip arthritis or damage, this procedure replaces the entire hip joint. Mako technology helps the surgeon position the implant with exceptional accuracy, which can improve joint function and longevity.
• Total Knee Replacement: For those with widespread knee arthritis, total knee replacement involves resurfacing the entire knee joint. The robotic system assists in aligning the implant to match the patient’s anatomy, supporting better movement and comfort.
• Partial Knee Replacement: Some patients have arthritis limited to one part of the knee. Partial knee replacement targets only the affected area, preserving healthy bone and tissue. Mako’s precision allows for a minimally invasive approach, often resulting in faster recovery and less pain. This is often beneficial for younger athletes.

During surgery, the Mako robotic arm guides the surgeon’s instruments within a defined area, protecting surrounding tissues and helping to ensure the implant is placed exactly where it should be. The surgeon remains in complete control at all times, using their expertise alongside the technology to achieve the best possible outcome for each patient.

Key Differences Between Mako and Traditional Surgery

There are many key differences between Mako robotic surgery and traditional joint replacement surgery. Some of the main differences include:

1. Personalized Planning: Mako uses a 3D model for a tailored plan; traditional surgery relies on standard imaging.
2. Surgical Precision: Mako helps ensure the implant is placed exactly where it should be, which can lead to better alignment and joint function. Traditional methods rely on the surgeon’s visual cues and manual tools.
3. Less Damage to Surrounding Tissue: Because the robotic arm restricts movement outside the pre-set area, Mako minimizes disruption to healthy bone and soft tissue. This often means less pain after surgery and a lower risk of complications.
4. Faster Recovery: Mako patients often experience shorter hospital stays and quicker rehabilitation.
5. Long-Term Outcomes: Improved implant positioning can reduce wear and extend the life of the joint replacement. Mako aims to optimize outcomes and reduce the need for revision surgeries in the future.

The Role of Technology in Modern Orthopedics

Orthopedic surgery has seen major advancements over the past decade. Robotics, artificial intelligence and 3D imaging are increasingly used to personalize treatment and improve surgical precision. Mako is part of this larger trend toward minimally invasive, tech-assisted care.

These tools enhance surgical accuracy leading to better outcomes, fewer complications, and greater patient confidence. As orthopedic care becomes more data-driven, patients benefit from faster recoveries, shorter hospital stays and long-term mobility.

Mako’s use of CT-based 3D modeling, for example, enables a much more detailed and tailored approach than the traditional one-size-fits-all implant strategy. It’s a great example of how personalized medicine is reshaping the future of joint health. Once you understand the technology behind Mako, it is important to know what to expect if you choose this surgical option.

What to Expect Before, During, and After Mako Surgery

If you’re considering Mako robotic-assisted surgery, understanding the process can ease any uncertainty and help you prepare for a smooth experience.

• Before Surgery: You’ll begin with an evaluation from an orthopedic surgeon, who may order imaging such as a CT scan. This scan is used to create your 3D joint model and design your personalized surgical plan. You’ll also meet with the care team to review medications, ask questions and schedule pre-op physical therapy if needed.
• Day of Surgery: Mako surgery is performed in a hospital setting. Once under anesthesia, your surgeon will use the robotic arm to assist in removing damaged bones and cartilage and placing the implant with pinpoint accuracy. The robotic system provides real-time feedback, allowing the surgeon to adjust as needed.
• After Surgery: Most patients begin walking with assistance within a day of surgery. You’ll follow a rehabilitation plan with physical therapy tailored to your needs. Thanks to minimal soft tissue disruption, patients often experience less pain and faster recovery. Hospital stays are often shorter, and many patients return home the same or the next day.

Your care team will continue to monitor your healing and help you transition back to your daily activities with confidence.

Questions to Ask Your Surgeon About Joint Replacement Options

Making the right choice for your joint health starts with asking the right questions. If you’re considering a joint replacement, here are some important questions to bring to your consultation:

• Am I a good candidate for Mako robotic-assisted surgery?
• What are the differences in recovery time between Mako and traditional joint replacement?
• How many robotic procedures have you performed?
• Will this surgery be performed in an outpatient setting?
• What kind of results can I expect for my age, lifestyle, and joint condition?
• What support services are available after surgery (physical therapy, pain management, etc.)?
• How long will the implant last, and what can I do to protect it?

By having an open conversation with your surgeon, you can better understand your options and set realistic expectations for your recovery and long-term results. Once you’ve discussed your options with your surgeon, the next step is determining whether MAKO is the right fit for your needs.

Personalized Joint Replacement with Mako

If you’re living with joint pain from osteoarthritis and considering hip or knee replacement, Mako robotic-assisted surgery may be an excellent option—especially for those seeking a more predictable recovery and personalized care.

At the MemorialCare Orthopedic & Spine Institute, patients receive comprehensive support from a team of highly trained orthopedic and neurosurgeons. An orthopedic nurse navigator guides you through insurance, pre-surgery education, and post-operative recovery, ensuring a smooth experience from start to finish.

Our commitment to excellence is backed by national recognition. With a 98% success rate, Saddleback Medical Center has earned the coveted “Best Hospital” ranking in orthopedics from U.S. News & World Report, as well as the Blue Cross/Blue Shield award of distinction for joint replacements. In addition, MemorialCare hospitals have been recognized as high performing in orthopedics by U.S. News, reinforcing our system-wide dedication to exceptional outcomes.

Thanks to the Saddleback Medical Center Foundation, the Institute continues to invest in advanced technology like the Mako system for total hip, total knee, and partial knee replacements. This innovation enhances surgical precision, helps minimize complications, and supports faster recovery with shorter hospital stays.

Take the First Step Toward Pain-Free Living

With leading-edge technology, experienced surgeons, and an integrated rehabilitation program, you’ll have expert care every step of the way—from your initial consultation through your final physical therapy session.

If joint pain is interfering with your everyday life, now is the time to explore your options. Learn more about Mako robotic-assisted joint replacement and schedule a consultation today.

About the Author 

David A. Molho, MD, is an orthopedic surgeon at Saddleback Medical Center with specialized training in hip and knee replacement surgery. Dr. Molho has subspecialty training in minimally invasive anterior hip replacements. He completed his residency at Yale University School of Medicine and received fellowship training with Connecticut Orthopaedics, focusing on minimally invasive techniques that promote faster patient recovery. His primary objective is to facilitate rapid recovery while delivering high performing hip and knee replacements. His surgical repertoire includes anterior hip replacements, knee replacements, partial knee replacements, and fracture surgery.